Which control measure focuses on changes to the workplace to reduce exposure to hazards?

The correct choice is engineering controls, which are designed to focus on modifying the work environment to minimize worker exposure to hazards. Engineering controls involve physically changing or isolating a hazard to prevent it from affecting personnel. This could include implementing ventilation systems to remove toxic fumes, using barriers to separate workers from hazardous areas, or redesigning equipment to eliminate risks associated with certain tasks.

By altering the workplace itself, engineering controls can significantly reduce the potential for injury or illness without relying on the behavior of the workers. These controls are a primary strategy in occupational safety and health, as they address the hazard at the source rather than placing the responsibility solely on individuals to avoid risks.

In contrast, elimination involves completely removing the hazard, which might not always be feasible. Substitution entails replacing a hazardous material with a less dangerous one, while administrative controls focus on changes in policies or procedures to reduce risk. While all these strategies are important in a comprehensive approach to safety, engineering controls specifically address the physical aspects of the workplace, making them particularly effective in reducing exposure to hazards.